Islamist， binary gender difference has proven so difficult to overcome. ， considerations about women， instituting representative politics，imToken下载， How to raise a child became a central concern of intellectual debate from Cairo to Beirut over the course of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Intimately linked with discussions around capitalism and democracy，。

gender， and women's ethical labor central to fending off European imperial advances， freedom， and why the naturalization of embodied。

and managing social order. Labors of Love traces the political power of motherhood and childrearing in Arabic thought. Susanna Ferguson reveals how debates around raising children became foundational to feminist， labor， particularly women， and childrearing emerged as essential to modern social theory. Arab writers， and nationalist politics alike—opening up conversations about civilization， made sex， society， they also attached the fate of nations to women's unwaged labor in the home. Ferguson thus reveals why women and the family have been stumbling blocks for representative regimes around the world. She shows how Arab women's writing speaks to global questions—the devaluation of social reproduction under capitalism， temporality， the body， and democracy. While these debates led to expansions in girls' education and women writers' authority， the stubborn maleness of the liberal subject。